"u.s.a"california penal code

[هيثم الفقى]

[align=left]67. Every person who gives or offers any bribe to any executive
officer in this state, with intent to influence him in respect to any
act, decision, vote, opinion, or other proceeding as such officer,
is punishable by imprisonment in the state prison for two, three or
four years, and is disqualified from holding any office in this
state.



67.5. (a) Every person who gives or offers as a bribe to any
ministerial officer, employee, or appointee of the State of
California, county or city therein, or political subdivision thereof,
any thing the theft of which would be petty theft is guilty of a
misdemeanor.
(b) If the theft of the thing given or offered would be grand
theft the offense is a felony.



68. (a) Every executive or ministerial officer, employee, or
appointee of the State of California, a county or city therein, or a
political subdivision thereof, who asks, receives, or agrees to
receive, any bribe, upon any agreement or understanding that his or
her vote, opinion, or action upon any matter then pending, or that
may be brought before him or her in his or her official capacity,
shall be influenced thereby, is punishable by imprisonment in the
state prison for two, three, or four years and, in cases in which no
bribe has been actually received, by a restitution fine of not less
than two thousand dollars ($2,000) or not more than ten thousand
dollars ($10,000) or, in cases in which a bribe was actually
received, by a restitution fine of at least the actual amount of the
bribe received or two thousand dollars ($2,000), whichever is
greater, or any larger amount of not more than double the amount of
any bribe received or ten thousand dollars ($10,000), whichever is
greater, and, in addition thereto, forfeits his or her office,
employment, or appointment, and is forever disqualified from holding
any office, employment, or appointment, in this state.
(b) In imposing a restitution fine pursuant to this section, the
court shall consider the defendant's ability to pay the fine.



69. Every person who attempts, by means of any threat or violence,
to deter or prevent an executive officer from performing any duty
imposed upon such officer by law, or who knowingly resists, by the
use of force or violence, such officer, in the performance of his
duty, is punishable by a fine not exceeding ten thousand dollars
($10,000), or by imprisonment in the state prison, or in a county
jail not exceeding one year, or by both such fine and imprisonment.



70. (a) Every executive or ministerial officer, employee, or
appointee of the State of California, or any county or city therein,
or any political subdivision thereof, who knowingly asks, receives,
or agrees to receive any emolument, gratuity, or reward, or any
promise thereof excepting such as may be authorized by law for doing
an official act, is guilty of a misdemeanor.
(b) This section does not prohibit deputy registrars of voters
from receiving compensation when authorized by local ordinance from
any candidate, political committee, or statewide political
organization for securing the registration of voters.
(c) (1) Nothing in this section precludes a peace officer, as
defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of
Part 2, from engaging in, or being employed in, casual or part-time
employment as a private security guard or patrolman for a public
entity while off duty from his or her principal employment and
outside his or her regular employment as a peace officer of a state
or local agency, and exercising the powers of a peace officer
concurrently with that employment, provided that the peace officer is
in a police uniform and is subject to reasonable rules and
regulations of the agency for which he or she is a peace officer.
Notwithstanding the above provisions, any and all civil and criminal
liability arising out of the secondary employment of any peace
officer pursuant to this subdivision shall be borne by the officer's
secondary employer.
(2) It is the intent of the Legislature by this subdivision to
abrogate the holdings in People v. Corey, 21 Cal.3d 738, and
Cervantez v. J.C. Penney Co., 24 Cal.3d 579, to reinstate prior
judicial interpretations of this section as they relate to criminal
sanctions for battery on peace officers who are employed, on a
part-time or casual basis, by a public entity, while wearing a police
uniform as private security guards or patrolmen, and to allow the
exercise of peace officer powers concurrently with that employment.
(d) (1) Nothing in this section precludes a peace officer, as
defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of
Part 2, from engaging in, or being employed in, casual or part-time
employment as a private security guard or patrolman by a private
employer while off duty from his or her principal employment and
outside his or her regular employment as a peace officer, and
exercising the powers of a peace officer concurrently with that
employment, provided that all of the following are true:
(A) The peace officer is in his or her police uniform.
(B) The casual or part-time employment as a private security guard
or patrolman is approved by the county board of supervisors with
jurisdiction over the principal employer or by the board's designee
or by the city council with jurisdiction over the principal employer
or by the council's designee.
(C) The wearing of uniforms and equipment is approved by the
principal employer.
(D) The peace officer is subject to reasonable rules and
regulations of the agency for which he or she is a peace officer.
(2) Notwithstanding the above provisions, a peace officer while
off duty from his or her principal employment and outside his or her
regular employment as a peace officer of a state or local agency
shall not exercise the powers of a police officer if employed by a
private employer as a security guard during a strike, lockout,
picketing, or other physical demonstration of a labor dispute at the
site of the strike, lockout, picketing, or other physical
demonstration of a labor dispute. The issue of whether or not casual
or part-time employment as a private security guard or patrolman
pursuant to this subdivision is to be approved shall not be a subject
for collective bargaining. Any and all civil and criminal liability
arising out of the secondary employment of any peace officer
pursuant to this subdivision shall be borne by the officer's
principal employer. The principal employer shall require the
secondary employer to enter into an indemnity agreement as a
condition of approving casual or part-time employment pursuant to
this subdivision.
(3) It is the intent of the Legislature by this subdivision to
abrogate the holdings in People v. Corey, 21 Cal. 3d 738, and
Cervantez v. J. C. Penney Co., 24 Cal. 3d 579, to reinstate prior
judicial interpretations of this section as they relate to criminal
sanctions for battery on peace officers who are employed, on a
part-time or casual basis, while wearing a police uniform approved by
the principal employer, as private security guards or patrolmen, and
to allow the exercise of peace officer powers concurrently with that
employment.
(e) (1) Nothing in this section precludes a peace officer, as
defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of
Part 2, from engaging in, or being employed in, other employment
while off duty from his or her principal employment and outside his
or her regular employment as a peace officer of a state or local
agency.
(2) Subject to subdivisions (c) and (d), and except as provided by
written regulations or policies adopted by the employing state or
local agency, or pursuant to an agreement between the employing state
or local agency and a recognized employee organization representing
the peace officer, no peace officer shall be prohibited from engaging
in, or being employed in, other employment while off duty from his
or her principal employment and outside his or her regular employment
as a peace officer of a state or local agency.
(3) If an employer withholds consent to allow a peace officer to
engage in or be employed in other employment while off duty, the
employer shall, at the time of denial, provide the reasons for denial
in writing to the peace officer.



70.5. Every commissioner of civil marriages or every deputy
commissioner of civil marriages who accepts any money or other thing
of value for performing any marriage pursuant to Section 401 of the
Family Code, including any money or thing of value voluntarily
tendered by the persons about to be married or who have been married
by the commissioner of civil marriages or deputy commissioner of
civil marriages, other than a fee expressly imposed by law for
performance of a marriage, whether the acceptance occurs before or
after performance of the marriage and whether or not performance of
the marriage is conditioned on the giving of such money or the thing
of value by the persons being married, is guilty of a misdemeanor.
It is not a necessary element of the offense described by this
section that the acceptance of the money or other thing of value be
committed with intent to commit extortion or with other criminal
intent.
This section does not apply to the request or acceptance by any
retired commissioner of civil marriages of a fee for the performance
of a marriage.
This section is inapplicable to the acceptance of a fee for the
performance of a marriage on Saturday, Sunday, or a legal holiday.




71. Every person who, with intent to cause, attempts to cause, or
causes, any officer or employee of any public or private educational
institution or any public officer or employee to do, or refrain from
doing, any act in the performance of his duties, by means of a
threat, directly communicated to such person, to inflict an unlawful
injury upon any person or property, and it reasonably appears to the
recipient of the threat that such threat could be carried out, is
guilty of a public offense punishable as follows:
(1) Upon a first conviction, such person is punishable by a fine
not exceeding ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by imprisonment in
the state prison, or in a county jail not exceeding one year, or by
both such fine and imprisonment.
(2) If such person has been previously convicted of a violation of
this section, such previous conviction shall be charged in the
accusatory pleading, and if such previous conviction is found to be
true by the jury, upon a jury trial, or by the court, upon a court
trial, or is admitted by the defendant, he is punishable by
imprisonment in the state prison.
As used in this section, "directly communicated" includes, but is
not limited to, a communication to the recipient of the threat by
telephone, telegraph, or letter.



72. Every person who, with intent to defraud, presents for
allowance or for payment to any state board or officer, or to any
county, city, or district board or officer, authorized to allow or
pay the same if genuine, any false or fraudulent claim, bill,
account, voucher, or writing, is punishable either by imprisonment in
the county jail for a period of not more than one year, by a fine of
not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by both such
imprisonment and fine, or by imprisonment in the state prison, by a
fine of not exceeding ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by both such
imprisonment and fine.
As used in this section "officer" includes a "carrier," as defined
in subdivision (a) of Section 14124.70 of the Welfare and
Institutions Code, authorized to act as an agent for a state board or
officer or a county, city, or district board or officer, as the case
may be.



72.5. (a) Every person who, knowing a claim seeks public funds for
reimbursement of costs incurred in attending a political function
organized to support or oppose any political party or political
candidate, presents such a claim for allowance or for payment to any
state board or officer, or to any county, city, or district board or
officer authorized to allow or pay such claims, is punishable either
by imprisonment in the county jail for a period of not more than one
year, by a fine of not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by
both such imprisonment and fine, or by imprisonment in the state
prison, by a fine of not exceeding ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or
by both such imprisonment and fine.
(b) Every person who, knowing a claim seeks public funds for
reimbursement of costs incurred to gain admittance to a political
function expressly organized to support or oppose any ballot measure,
presents such a claim for allowance or for payment to any state
board or officer, or to any county, city, or district board or
officer authorized to allow or pay such claims is punishable either
by imprisonment in the county jail for a period of not more than one
year, by a fine of not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by
both such imprisonment and fine, or by imprisonment in the state
prison, by a fine of not exceeding ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or
by both such imprisonment and fine.



73. Every person who gives or offers any gratuity or reward, in
consideration that he or any other person shall be appointed to any
public office, or shall be permitted to exercise or discharge the
duties thereof, is guilty of a misdemeanor.




74. Every public officer who, for any gratuity or reward, appoints
another person to a public office, or permits another person to
exercise or discharge any of the duties of his office, is punishable
by a fine not exceeding ten thousand dollars ($10,000), and, in
addition thereto, forfeits his office and is forever disqualified
from holding any office in this state.



76. (a) Every person who knowingly and willingly threatens the life
of, or threatens serious bodily harm to, any elected public
official, county public defender, county clerk, exempt appointee of
the Governor, judge, or Deputy Commissioner of the Board of Prison
Terms, or the staff, immediate family, or immediate family of the
staff of any elected public official, county public defender, county
clerk, exempt appointee of the Governor, judge, or Deputy
Commissioner of the Board of Prison Terms, with the specific intent
that the statement is to be taken as a threat, and the apparent
ability to carry out that threat by any means, is guilty of a public
offense, punishable as follows:
(1) Upon a first conviction, the offense is punishable by a fine
not exceeding five thousand dollars ($5,000), or by imprisonment in
the state prison, or in a county jail not exceeding one year, or by
both that fine and imprisonment.
(2) If the person has been convicted previously of violating this
section, the previous conviction shall be charged in the accusatory
pleading, and if the previous conviction is found to be true by the
jury upon a jury trial, or by the court upon a court trial, or is
admitted by the defendant, the offense is punishable by imprisonment
in the state prison.
(b) Any law enforcement agency that has knowledge of a violation
of this section involving a constitutional officer of the state, a
Member of the Legislature, or a member of the judiciary shall
immediately report that information to the Department of the
California Highway Patrol.
(c) For purposes of this section, the following definitions shall
apply:
(1) "Apparent ability to carry out that threat" includes the
ability to fulfill the threat at some future date when the person
making the threat is an incarcerated prisoner with a stated release
date.
(2) "Serious bodily harm" includes serious physical injury or
serious traumatic condition.
(3) "Immediate family" means a spouse, parent, or child, or anyone
who has regularly resided in the household for the past six months.

(4) "Staff of a judge" means court officers and employees,
including commissioners, referees, and retired judges sitting on
assignment.
(5) "Threat" means a verbal or written threat or a threat implied
by a pattern of conduct or a combination of verbal or written
statements and conduct made with the intent and the apparent ability
to carry out the threat so as to cause the person who is the target
of the threat to reasonably fear for his or her safety or the safety
of his or her immediate family.
(d) As for threats against staff or immediate family of staff, the
threat must relate directly to the official duties of the staff of
the elected public official, county public defender, county clerk,
exempt appointee of the Governor, judge, or Deputy Commissioner of
the Board of Prison Terms in order to constitute a public offense
under this section.
(e) A threat must relate directly to the official duties of a
Deputy Commissioner of the Board of Prison Terms in order to
constitute a public offense under this section.



77. The various provisions of this title, except Section 76, apply
to administrative and ministerial officers, in the same manner as if
they were mentioned therein.[/align]

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85. Every person who gives or offers to give a bribe to any Member
of the Legislature, any member of the legislative body of a city,
county, city and county, school district, or other special district,
or to another person for the member, or attempts by menace, deceit,
suppression of truth, or any corrupt means, to influence a member in
giving or withholding his or her vote, or in not attending the house
or any committee of which he or she is a member, is punishable by
imprisonment in the state prison for two, three or four years.



86. Every Member of either house of the Legislature, or any member
of the legislative body of a city, county, city and county, school
district, or other special district, who asks, receives, or agrees to
receive, any bribe, upon any understanding that his or her official
vote, opinion, judgment, or action shall be influenced thereby, or
shall give, in any particular manner, or upon any particular side of
any question or matter upon which he or she may be required to act in
his or her official capacity, or gives, or offers or promises to
give, any official vote in consideration that another Member of the
Legislature, or another member of the legislative body of a city,
county, city and county, school district, or other special district
shall give this vote either upon the same or another question, is
punishable by imprisonment in the state prison for two, three, or
four years and, in cases in which no bribe has been actually
received, by a restitution fine of not less than two thousand dollars
($2,000) or not more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000) or, in
cases in which a bribe was actually received, by a restitution fine
of at least the actual amount of the bribe received or two thousand
dollars ($2,000), whichever is greater, or any larger amount of not
more than double the amount of any bribe received or ten thousand
dollars ($10,000), whichever is greater.
In imposing a fine under this section, the court shall consider
the defendant's ability to pay the fine.



88. Every Member of the Legislature, and every member of a
legislative body of a city, county, city and county, school district,
or other special district convicted of any crime defined in this
title, in addition to the punishment prescribed, forfeits his or her
office and is forever disqualified from holding any office in this
state or a political subdivision thereof.

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BRIBERY AND CORRUPTION
92. Every person who gives or offers to give a bribe to any
judicial officer, juror, referee, arbitrator, or umpire, or to any
person who may be authorized by law to hear or determine any question
or controversy, with intent to influence his vote, opinion, or
decision upon any matter or question which is or may be brought
before him for decision, is punishable by imprisonment in the state
prison for two, three or four years.



93. (a) Every judicial officer, juror, referee, arbitrator, or
umpire, and every person authorized by law to hear or determine any
question or controversy, who asks, receives, or agrees to receive,
any bribe, upon any agreement or understanding that his or her vote,
opinion, or decision upon any matters or question which is or may be
brought before him or her for decision, shall be influenced thereby,
is punishable by imprisonment in the state prison for two, three, or
four years and, in cases where no bribe has been actually received,
by a restitution fine of not less than two thousand dollars ($2,000)
or not more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000) or, in cases where a
bribe was actually received, by a restitution fine of at least the
actual amount of the bribe received or two thousand dollars ($2,000),
whichever is greater, or any larger amount of not more than double
the amount of any bribe received or ten thousand dollars ($10,000),
whichever is greater.
(b) In imposing a restitution fine under this section, the court
shall consider the defendant's ability to pay the fine.



94. Every judicial officer who asks or receives any emolument,
gratuity, or reward, or any promise thereof, except such as may be
authorized by law, for doing any official act, is guilty of a
misdemeanor. The lawful compensation of a temporary judge shall be
prescribed by Judicial Council rule. Every judicial officer who
shall ask or receive the whole or any part of the fees allowed by law
to any stenographer or reporter appointed by him or her, or any
other person, to record the proceedings of any court or investigation
held by him or her, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon
conviction thereof shall forfeit his or her office. Any stenographer
or reporter, appointed by any judicial officer in this state, who
shall pay, or offer to pay, the whole or any part of the fees allowed
him or her by law, for his or her appointment or retention in
office, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof
shall be forever disqualified from holding any similar office in the
courts of this state.


94.5. Every judge, justice, commissioner, or assistant commissioner
of a court of this state who accepts any money or other thing of
value for performing any marriage, including any money or thing of
value voluntarily tendered by the persons about to be married or who
have been married by such judge, justice, commissioner, or assistant
commissioner, whether the acceptance occurs before or after
performance of the marriage and whether or not performance of the
marriage is conditioned on the giving of such money or the thing of
value by the persons being married, is guilty of a misdemeanor.
It is not a necessary element of the offense described by this
section that the acceptance of the money or other thing of value be
committed with intent to commit extortion or with other criminal
intent.
This section does not apply to the request for or acceptance of a
fee expressly imposed by law for performance of a marriage or to the
request or acceptance by any retired judge, retired justice, or
retired commissioner of a fee for the performance of a marriage. For
the purposes of this section, a retired judge or retired justice
sitting on assignment in court shall not be deemed to be a retired
judge or retired justice.
This section does not apply to an acceptance of a fee for
performing a marriage on Saturday, Sunday, or a legal holiday.




95. Every person who corruptly attempts to influence a juror, or
any person summoned or drawn as a juror, or chosen as an arbitrator
or umpire, or appointed a referee, in respect to his or her verdict
in, or decision of, any cause or proceeding, pending, or about to be
brought before him or her, is punishable by a fine not exceeding ten
thousand dollars ($10,000), or by imprisonment in the state prison,
if it is by means of any of the following:
(a) Any oral or written communication with him or her except in
the regular course of proceedings.
(b) Any book, paper, or instrument exhibited, otherwise than in
the regular course of proceedings.
(c) Any threat, intimidation, persuasion, or entreaty.
(d) Any promise, or assurance of any pecuniary or other advantage.



95.1. Every person who threatens a juror with respect to a criminal
proceeding in which a verdict has been rendered and who has the
intent and apparent ability to carry out the threat so as to cause
the target of the threat to reasonably fear for his or her safety or
the safety of his or her immediate family, is guilty of a public
offense and shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail for
not more than one year, or by imprisonment in the state prison, or by
a fine not exceeding ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by both that
imprisonment and fine.



95.2. Any person who, with knowledge of the relationship of the
parties and without court authorization and juror consent,
intentionally provides a defendant or former defendant to any
criminal proceeding information from records sealed by the court
pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 237 of the Code of Civil
Procedure, knowing that the records have been sealed, in order to
locate or communicate with a juror to that proceeding and that
information is used to violate Section 95 or 95.1, shall be guilty of
a misdemeanor. Except as otherwise provided by any other law or
court order limiting communication with a juror after a verdict has
been reached, compliance with Section 206 of the Code of Civil
Procedure shall constitute court authorization.



95.3. Any person licensed pursuant to Chapter 11.5 (commencing with
Section 7512) of Division 3 of the Business and Professions Code
who, with knowledge of the relationship of the parties and without
court authorization and juror consent, knowingly provides a defendant
or former defendant to any criminal proceeding information in order
to locate or communicate with a juror to that proceeding is guilty of
a misdemeanor. Conviction under this section shall be a basis for
revocation or suspension of any license issued pursuant to Section
7561.1 of the Business and Professions Code. Except as otherwise
provided by any law or court order limiting communication with a
juror after a verdict has been reached, compliance with Section 206
of the Code of Civil Procedure shall constitute court authorization.




96. Every juror, or person drawn or summoned as a juror, or chosen
arbitrator or umpire, or appointed referee, who either: One--Makes
any promise or agreement to give a verdict or decision for or
against any party; or, Two--Willfully and corruptly permits any
communication to be made to him, or receives any book, paper,
instrument, or information relating to any cause or matter pending
before him, except according to the regular course of proceedings, is
punishable by fine not exceeding ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or
by imprisonment in the state prison.



96.5. (a) Every judicial officer, court commissioner, or referee
who commits any act that he or she knows perverts or obstructs
justice, is guilty of a public offense punishable by imprisonment in
a county jail for not more than one year.
(b) Nothing in this section prohibits prosecution under paragraph
(5) of subdivision (a) of Section 182 of the Penal Code or any other
law.


98. Every officer convicted of any crime defined in this Chapter,
in addition to the punishment prescribed, forfeits his office and is
forever disqualified from holding any office in this State.



99. The Superintendent of State Printing shall not, during his
continuance in office, have any interest, either directly or
indirectly, in any contract in any way connected with his office as
Superintendent of State Printing; nor shall he, during said period,
be interested, either directly or indirectly, in any state printing,
binding, engraving, lithographing, or other state work of any kind
connected with his said office; nor shall he, directly or indirectly,
be interested in any contract for furnishing paper, or other
printing stock or material, to or for use in his said office; and any
violations of these provisions shall subject him, on conviction
before a court of competent jurisdiction, to imprisonment in the
state prison and to a fine of not less than one thousand dollars
($1,000) nor more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by both
such fine and imprisonment.



100. If the Superintendent of State Printing corruptly colludes
with any person or persons furnishing paper or materials, or bidding
therefor, or with any other person or persons, or has any secret
understanding with him or them, by himself or through others, to
defraud the state, or by which the state is defrauded or made to
sustain a loss, contrary to the true intent and meaning of this
chapter, he, upon conviction thereof, forfeits his office, and is
subject to imprisonment in the state prison, and to a fine of not
less than one thousand dollars ($1,000) nor more than ten thousand
dollars ($10,000), or both such fine and imprisonment.
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[align=left]102. Every person who willfully injures or destroys, or takes or
attempts to take, or assists any person in taking or attempting to
take, from the custody of any officer or person, any personal
property which such officer or person has in charge under any process
of law, is guilty of a misdemeanor.[/align]

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[align=left]107. Every prisoner charged with or convicted of a felony who is an
inmate of any public training school or reformatory or county
hospital who escapes or attempts to escape from such public training
school or reformatory or county hospital is guilty of a felony and is
punishable by imprisonment in the state prison, or by a fine not
exceeding ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by both such fine and
imprisonment.



109. Any person who willfully assists any inmate of any public
training school or reformatory to escape, or in an attempt to escape
from such public training school or reformatory is punishable by
imprisonment in the state prison, and fine not exceeding ten thousand
dollars ($10,000).



110. Every person who carries or sends into a public training
school, or reformatory, anything useful to aid a prisoner or inmate
in making his escape, with intent thereby to facilitate the escape of
any prisoner or inmate confined therein, is guilty of a felony.[/align]

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JUDICIAL AND PUBLIC RECORDS AND DOCUMENTS
112. (a) Any person who manufactures or sells any false government
document with the intent to conceal the true citizenship or resident
alien status of another person is guilty of a misdemeanor and shall
be punished by imprisonment in a county jail for one year. Every
false government document that is manufactured or sold in violation
of this section may be charged and prosecuted as a separate and
distinct violation, and consecutive sentences may be imposed for each
violation.
(b) A prosecuting attorney shall have discretion to charge a
defendant with a violation of this section or any other law that
applies.
(c) As used in this section, "government document" means any
document issued by the United States government or any state or local
government, including, but not limited to, any passport, immigration
visa, employment authorization card, birth certificate, driver's
license, identification card, or social security card.



113. Any person who manufactures, distributes or sells false
documents to conceal the true citizenship or resident alien status of
another person is guilty of a felony, and shall be punished by
imprisonment in the state prison for five years or by a fine of
seventy-five thousand dollars ($75,000).



114. Any person who uses false documents to conceal his or her true
citizenship or resident alien status is guilty of a felony, and
shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for five years
or by a fine of twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000).



115. (a) Every person who knowingly procures or offers any false or
forged instrument to be filed, registered, or recorded in any public
office within this state, which instrument, if genuine, might be
filed, registered, or recorded under any law of this state or of the
United States, is guilty of a felony.
(b) Each instrument which is procured or offered to be filed,
registered, or recorded in violation of subdivision (a) shall
constitute a separate violation of this section.
(c) Except in unusual cases where the interests of justice would
best be served if probation is granted, probation shall not be
granted to, nor shall the execution or imposition of sentence be
suspended for, any of the following persons:
(1) Any person with a prior conviction under this section who is
again convicted of a violation of this section in a separate
proceeding.
(2) Any person who is convicted of more than one violation of this
section in a single proceeding, with intent to defraud another, and
where the violations resulted in a cumulative financial loss
exceeding one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000).
(d) For purposes of prosecution under this section, each act of
procurement or of offering a false or forged instrument to be filed,
registered, or recorded shall be considered a separately punishable
offense.


115.1. (a) The Legislature finds and declares that the voters of
California are entitled to accurate representations in materials that
are directed to them in efforts to influence how they vote.
(b) No person shall publish or cause to be published, with intent
to deceive, any campaign advertisement containing a signature that
the person knows to be unauthorized.
(c) For purposes of this section, "campaign advertisement" means
any communication directed to voters by means of a mass mailing as
defined in Section 82041.5 of the Government Code, a paid television,
radio, or newspaper advertisement, an outdoor advertisement, or any
other printed matter, if the expenditures for that communication are
required to be reported by Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 84100)
of Title 9 of the Government Code.
(d) For purposes of this section, an authorization to use a
signature shall be oral or written.
(e) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit a
person from publishing or causing to be published a reproduction of
all or part of a document containing an actual or authorized
signature, provided that the signature so reproduced shall not, with
the intent to deceive, be incorporated into another document in a
manner that falsely suggests that the person whose signature is
reproduced has signed the other document.
(f) Any knowing or willful violation of this section is a public
offense punishable by imprisonment in the state prison or in a county
jail, or by a fine not to exceed fifty thousand dollars ($50,000),
or by both that fine and imprisonment.
(g) As used in this section, "signature" means either of the
following:
(1) A handwritten or mechanical signature, or a copy thereof.
(2) Any representation of a person's name, including, but not
limited to, a printed or typewritten representation, that serves the
same purpose as a handwritten or mechanical signature.



115.2. (a) No person shall publish or cause to be published, with
actual knowledge, and intent to deceive, any campaign advertisement
containing false or fraudulent depictions, or false or fraudulent
representations, of official public documents or purported official
public documents.
(b) For purposes of this section, "campaign advertisement" means
any communication directed to voters by means of a mass mailing as
defined in Section 82041.5 of the Government Code, a paid newspaper
advertisement, an outdoor advertisement, or any other printed matter,
if the expenditures for that communication are required to be
reported by Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 84100) of Title 9 of
the Government Code.
(c) Any violation of this section is a misdemeanor punishable by
imprisonment in the county jail, or by a fine not to exceed fifty
thousand dollars ($50,000), or both.



115.25. (a) No person or entity shall authorize the production or
distribution, or participate in the authorization of the production
or distribution, of any document, including, but not limited to, any
campaign advertisement, as defined in subdivision (d), that the
person or entity knows contains inaccurate emergency service phone
numbers for various emergency services, including, but not limited
to, police, fire, or ambulance services.
(b) A violation of subdivision (a) shall be an infraction,
punishable by a fine not exceeding two hundred fifty dollars ($250).

(c) A violation of subdivision (a) resulting in the serious injury
or death of persons who innocently rely on the erroneous phone
numbers contained in the document is a misdemeanor, punishable by a
fine not exceeding ten thousand dollars ($10,000), by imprisonment in
a county jail not exceeding one year, or by both that fine and
imprisonment.
(d) For purposes of this section, "campaign advertisement" means
any communication directed to voters by means of a mass mailing, as
defined in Section 82041.5 of the Government Code, a paid television,
radio, or newspaper advertisement, an outdoor advertisement, or any
other printed matter, if the expenditures for that communication are
required to be reported by Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 84100)
of Title 9 of the Government Code.



115.3. Any person who alters a certified copy of an official
record, or knowingly furnishes an altered certified copy of an
official record, of this state, including the executive, legislative,
and judicial branches thereof, or of any city, county, city and
county, district, or political subdivision thereof, is guilty of a
misdemeanor.



115.5. (a) Every person who files any false or forged document or
instrument with the county recorder which affects title to, places an
encumbrance on, or places an interest secured by a mortgage or deed
of trust on, real property consisting of a single-family residence
containing not more than four dwelling units, with knowledge that the
document is false or forged, is punishable, in addition to any other
punishment, by a fine not exceeding seventy-five thousand dollars
($75,000).
(b) Every person who makes a false sworn statement to a notary
public, with knowledge that the statement is false, to induce the
notary public to perform an improper notarial act on an instrument or
document affecting title to, or placing an encumbrance on, real
property consisting of a single-family residence containing not more
than four dwelling units is guilty of a felony.



116. Every person who adds any names to the list of persons
selected to serve as jurors for the county, either by placing the
names in the jury box or otherwise, or extracts any name therefrom,
or destroys the jury box or any of the pieces of paper containing the
names of jurors, or mutilates or defaces the names so that they
cannot be read, or changes the names on the pieces of paper, except
in cases allowed by law, is guilty of a felony.



116.5. (a) A person is guilty of tampering with a jury when, prior
to, or within 90 days of, discharge of the jury in a criminal
proceeding, he or she does any of the following:
(1) Confers, or offers or agrees to confer, any payment or benefit
upon a juror or upon a third person who is acting on behalf of a
juror in consideration for the juror or third person supplying
information in relation to an action or proceeding.
(2) Acting on behalf of a juror, accepts or agrees to accept any
payment or benefit for himself or herself or for the juror in
consideration for supplying any information in relation to an action
or proceeding.
(3) Acting on behalf of himself or herself, agrees to accept,
directly or indirectly, any payment or benefit in consideration for
supplying any information in relation to an action or proceeding.
(b) Any person who violates this section is guilty of a
misdemeanor.
(c) In the case of a juror who is within 90 days of having been
discharged, otherwise lawful compensation not exceeding fifty dollars
($50) in value shall not constitute a criminal violation of this
section.
(d) Upon conviction under this section, in addition to the penalty
described in subdivision (b), any compensation received in violation
of this section shall be forfeited by the defendant and deposited in
the Victim Restitution Fund.



117. Every officer or person required by law to certify to the list
of persons selected as jurors who maliciously, corruptly, or
willfully certifies to a false or incorrect list, or a list
containing other names than those selected, or who, being required by
law to write down the names placed on the certified lists on
separate pieces of paper, does not write down and place in the jury
box the same names that are on the certified list, and no more and no
less than are on such list, is guilty of a felony.
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118. (a) Every person who, having taken an oath that he or she will
testify, declare, depose, or certify truly before any competent
tribunal, officer, or person, in any of the cases in which the oath
may by law of the State of California be administered, willfully and
contrary to the oath, states as true any material matter which he or
she knows to be false, and every person who testifies, declares,
deposes, or certifies under penalty of perjury in any of the cases in
which the testimony, declarations, depositions, or certification is
permitted by law of the State of California under penalty of perjury
and willfully states as true any material matter which he or she
knows to be false, is guilty of perjury.
This subdivision is applicable whether the statement, or the
testimony, declaration, deposition, or certification is made or
subscribed within or without the State of California.
(b) No person shall be convicted of perjury where proof of falsity
rests solely upon contradiction by testimony of a single person
other than the defendant. Proof of falsity may be established by
direct or indirect evidence.



118.1. Every peace officer who files any report with the agency
which employs him or her regarding the commission of any crime or any
investigation of any crime, if he or she knowingly and intentionally
makes any statement regarding any material matter in the report
which the officer knows to be false, whether or not the statement is
certified or otherwise expressly reported as true, is guilty of
filing a false report punishable by imprisonment in the county jail
for up to one year, or in the state prison for one, two, or three
years. This section shall not apply to the contents of any statement
which the peace officer attributes in the report to any other
person.



118a. Any person who, in any affidavit taken before any person
authorized to administer oaths, swears, affirms, declares, deposes,
or certifies that he will testify, declare, depose, or certify before
any competent tribunal, officer, or person, in any case then pending
or thereafter to be instituted, in any particular manner, or to any
particular fact, and in such affidavit willfully and contrary to such
oath states as true any material matter which he knows to be false,
is guilty of perjury. In any prosecution under this section, the
subsequent testimony of such person, in any action involving the
matters in such affidavit contained, which is contrary to any of the
matters in such affidavit contained, shall be prima facie evidence
that the matters in such affidavit were false.



119. The term "oath," as used in the last two sections, includes an
affirmation and every other mode authorized by law of attesting the
truth of that which is stated.



120. So much of an oath of office as relates to the future
performance of official duties is not such an oath as is intended by
the two preceding sections.


121. It is no defense to a prosecution for perjury that the oath
was administered or taken in an irregular manner, or that the person
accused of perjury did not go before, or was not in the presence of,
the officer purporting to administer the oath, if such accused caused
or procured such officer to certify that the oath had been taken or
administered.



122. It is no defense to a prosecution for perjury that the accused
was not competent to give the testimony, deposition, or certificate
of which falsehood is alleged. It is sufficient that he did give
such testimony or make such deposition or certificate.



123. It is no defense to a prosecution for perjury that the accused
did not know the materiality of the false statement made by him; or
that it did not, in fact, affect the proceeding in or for which it
was made. It is sufficient that it was material, and might have been
used to affect such proceeding.


124. The making of a deposition, affidavit or certificate is deemed
to be complete, within the provisions of this chapter, from the time
when it is delivered by the accused to any other person, with the
intent that it be uttered or published as true.



125. An unqualified statement of that which one does not know to be
true is equivalent to a statement of that which one knows to be
false.


126. Perjury is punishable by imprisonment in the state prison for
two, three or four years.



127. Every person who willfully procures another person to commit
perjury is guilty of subornation of perjury, and is punishable in the
same manner as he would be if personally guilty of the prejury so
procured.


128. Every person who, by willful perjury or subornation of perjury
procures the conviction and execution of any innocent person, is
punishable by death or life imprisonment without possibility of
parole. The penalty shall be determined pursuant to Sections 190.3
and 190.4.



129. Every person who, being required by law to make any return,
statement, or report, under oath, willfully makes and delivers any
such return, statement, or report, purporting to be under oath,
knowing the same to be false in any particular, is guilty of perjury,
whether such oath was in fact taken or not.



131. Every person in any matter under investigation for a violation
of the Corporate Securities Law of 1968 (Part 1 (commencing with
Section 25000) of Division 1 of Title 4 of the Corporations Code),
the California Commodity Law of 1990 (Chapter 1 (commencing with
Section 29500) of Division 4.5 of Title 4 of the Corporations Code),
Section 16755 of the Business and Professions Code, or in connection
with an investigation conducted by the head of a department of the
State of California relating to the business activities and subjects
under the jurisdiction of the department, who knowingly and willfully
falsifies, misrepresents, or conceals a material fact or makes any
materially false, fictitious, misleading, or fraudulent statement or
representation, and any person who knowingly and willfully procures
or causes another to violate this section, is guilty of a misdemeanor
punishable by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year,
or by a fine not exceeding twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000), or
by both that imprisonment and fine for each violation of this
section. This section does not apply to conduct charged as a
violation of Section 118 of this code.

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