the summary of the first chapter in criminology science in brife criminoloy is the scientific study of crime but what is the definition of crime & according to its legal concept acrime is an act forbidden and made punishable by the law but according to its criminogical concept for the the to be a crime it must meet following conditions like 1- it must be done by a persone of comptente age 2- the act must be voluntary and who dose it must also be free from certians forms of complusion 3- knowledge 4- the act must be intional 5- the act is done by malice or som times is done by ngligence_


mala in se& mala prohibita acrime is an act that violates the baisic valuse beliefs in society
naturals laws are rooted incore valuse shared by many cultures
natrauls law protect us from (larncey assault property)